Learning Styles Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Learning Styles - Term Paper Example Agreeable learning finds the understudies working adequately in gatherings. The outcome is beneficial learning and if this helpful learning is arranged well the advantages are countless. The understudies ought to be permitted to deal with subjects willingly. This way the student’s social and scholarly capacity would improve. The educator can amass the understudies dependent on their capacity and learning aptitude. Along these lines each gathering would have a top understudy, a center understudy, and a battling understudy. Assessment of specific methodologies in educating would upgrade better learning. As Felder and Soloman stated, â€Å"when arranging and creating instructional material, take a stab at an equalization of instructing styles to coordinate different learning styles†.The four essential styles of educating incorporate proper power, demonstrator or individual model, facilitator and delegator. Formal authority exemplifies the instructor who receives a focused methodology for the educator feels liable for giving and figuring the impartation of information which the understudy is to get and acclimatize. The connection between the educator and understudy just as between the understudies isn't given significance. Instructors who utilize the proper power strategy focus more on the substance of the exercise while the understudy is relied upon to get this substance. The educator edifies the substance and materials in a way that empowers the understudies to get the core of the exercise and welcome the embodiment of the entire time spent in learning.

Significance of Delegation in Nursing

The Significance of Imparting Delegation to Nursing Students Johannes Gonzalez Aquinas College N232 Trends and Technology in Nursing Changes in the social insurance framework and the nursing deficiency have been a significant reason for the change in essential consideration for the patients. Emergency clinics are currently utilizing unlicensed assistive staff who help give immediate just as circuitous consideration for patients under the management of medical attendants. This change will request that attendants have a more honed comprehension of delegation.Teaching future nursing understudies how to designate various duties utilizing their correspondence and basic reasoning aptitudes ought to be a huge subject in schools. Schools should concentrate on students’ dynamic learning strategies to improve this aptitude. A portion of these strategies can be pedantic substance, contextual investigations, and clinical arrangement. These learning strategies will therefore help the nursi ng understudies understand the significance of designation hence setting them up more extensively for their future vocation. At the point when understudies utilize these strategies, they increment their skill regarding the matter of delegation.This article permits understudies comprehend the significance of assignment in the human services framework today. A positive perspective from this article is the manner by which the writer gives various instances of for what reason is indispensable to instruct designation to nursing understudies. As a nursing understudy, I had the option to encounter how basic assignment is at a clinical setting by utilizing the learning action called clinical position. Clinical position permitted me to also see how I can utilize basic deduction to assign various undertakings to other group members.There was one negative angle to this article as I would like to think. The creator neglected to give genuine instances of how assignment can be use in care offices . I accept there are numerous things that understudies can gain from this article. The significant key is the means by which understudies can encourage appointment aptitudes by consolidating the dynamic taking in strategies from training and the clinical contribution from the medicinal services office. Reference Powell, R. (2011). Improving understudies' designation aptitudes. Medical attendant Educator: Clinical Issues, 36(1), 9-10.

Paper for class MIS 2100 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paper for class MIS 2100 - Essay Example Having qualified work force who can use data frameworks is basic to the achievement and development of an association. As an understudy, I have acknowledged how significant it is for me to find out about these frameworks so as to ensure accomplishment later on business profession. Furthermore, before taking this class, I essentially saw business frameworks as devices utilized in organizations for every day activities. In any case, in the wake of taking this class, I have discovered that data frameworks are a significant wellspring of upper hand, particularly in the present business condition. I have discovered that data frameworks assist organizations with lessening the expense of working together, and this guarantees items and administrations are offered at a lower cost. Through data frameworks, organizations can be inventive and concocted new items and administrations that fulfill the requirements of the market better and productively. Generally speaking, by taking this class, I ha ve learnt not just how to utilize data frameworks to complete every day business exercises yet additionally use them to set the business in front of the rest in the market. At long last, the MIS 2100 class has empowered me comprehend the moral and social issues raised by data frameworks. By utilizing innovation to complete business exercises, associations open themselves to an extraordinary hazard which may influence their tasks and their relationship with the general public. For example, data frameworks present significant difficulties on people’s security since individual data is traded through various PC frameworks before showing up at the last goal. Through this procedure, private data might be spilled to unapproved gatherings, and this may prompt genuine moral issues. Through this class, I have figured out how to utilize such frameworks capably so as to keep away from a portion of these moral and social difficulties. By taking this class, I have leant that despite the fa ct that innovation is useful to the business, it can cause difficult issues if not all around utilized. This may include the

An Application of the Law on Trusts - Free Essay Example

INTRODUCTION A trust is an equitable obligation, binding a person (called a trustee) to deal with property owned by him (called trust property, being distinguished from his private property) for the benefit of persons (called beneficiaries or, in old cases, cestuis que trust), of whom he may himself be one, and any one of whom may enforce the obligation [or for a charitable purpose, which may be enforced at the instance of the Attorney-General, or for some other purpose permitted by law though unenforceable (Hayton, Matthews Mitchell , 2010, p. 2). In determining the claims of the parties, some time-tested principles of Equity and Trust will be examined. ISSUE 1 Was there an intention to create trusts for the benefits of George and Jayne on the part of Barry? Intention to create a trust is crucial for the validity of any trust. The court said in Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley (2002): A settlor must, of course, possess the necessary intention to create a trust, but his subjective intentions are irrelevant. If he enters into arrangements which have the effect of creating a trust, it is not necessary that he should appreciate that they do so; it is sufficient that he intends to enter into them(p. 71) Furthermore, an express trust is invalid until it is completely constituted. There are two ways by which a valid express trust may be completely constituted: by an effective declaration of oneself as trustee or by transfer of properties to trustees (Davies Virgo, 2013). In effect, Turner LJ in Milroy v Lord (1862) stated that: Settlor must have done everything which according to the nature of the property comprised in the settleme nt was necessary to be done in order to render the settlement binding upon him. He may do this by: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Actually transferring the property to the persons for whom he intends to provide à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ If he transfers it to a trustee for the purposes of a settlement à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Declares that he holds it on trust (p. 264). Either of the two methods of constituting trust must be completely satisfied for the trust to be effective. According to Davies Virgo (2013), where the settlor declares himself a trustee of the property, the issue of transfer becomes irrelevant, as the legal title already vests in him. The only issue which would be left to the courts to clarify is if there was a valid declaration of trust. They further opined that for a declaration of trust to be valid, there must be certainty of the settlorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention to create a trust. Indeed, this is also true for an express trust constituted by transfer to trustees. Lord Eldon in Wri ght v. Atkyns (1823) made it clear that for a trust to be valid, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“firstthe words must be imperative; secondlythe subject must be certain; and thirdlythe object must be as certain as the subject (pp. 143, 157). The requirement of intention is more easily ascertainable where the trust is constituted by transfer, as the settlorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention is manifested by the transfer. Intention can be inferred from actions. Lord Selborne, L.O., in Lyell v. Kennedy (1889) said: A man who receives the money of another on his behalf, and places it specifically to an account with a banker ear-marked and separate from his own moneys, though under his control, is, in my opinion, a trustee of the fund standing to the credit of that account. For the constitution of such a trust no express words are necessary; anything which may satisfy a Court of Equity that the money was received in a fiduciary character is enough. It is not requisite that any acknowledgment of such a t rust should be made to the ces tui que trust or his agent; to whomsoever made it is evidence against the trustee (p. 457). The case of Jones v. Lock (1865) is quite instructive. Mr. Jones produced a cheque for 900 pounds made payable to himself, which he handed over to his baby and said: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"look you here, this is for baby; it is for himself and I am going to put it away for him and will give him a great deal more along with ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Mr. Jones died six days later. It was held that there had been no valid gift to the baby (since the gift of a non-bearer cheque required endorsement of the issuer), neither was there a declaration of trust in his favour. The court could not infer an intention to make himself a trustee, and the gift was ineffective and thus, failed. The case of Richard v. Delbridge (1874) also establishes that an intention to give a gift cannot be transformed into an intention to create a trust. Richard wished to hand over his business to Edwar d. He demonstrated his intention by endorsing a memorandum on the lease of the business premises, which read thus: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“This deed and all thereto belonging I give to Edward from this time forth with all the stock in tradeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The court decided that it was meant as an outright gift, not a declaration of trust. Sir George Jessel MR held: If it is intended to take effect by transfer, the court will not hold the intended transfer to operate as a declaration of trust, for then every imperfect instrument will be made effectual by being converted into a perfect trust. It is true he need not use the words à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"I declare myself a trusteeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, but he must do something which is equivalent to it, and use expressions which have that meaningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(at 11) A mere promise without mo is not a valid declaration of trust. The law will not enforce mere promises; it will only enforce contractual bargain and trusts (Hudson, 2008). Thus, a mere promise is unenforceable if beneficiary gave no consideration (Re Rallià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Will Trust (1964)). APPLICATION 2.1.1 GEORGEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢S CLAIM George claims that Barry promised to transfer the car into his name. There is nothing from Barryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s words or action to indicate that he was making himself a trustee of the car for the benefit of George. Neither did Barry seek to transfer the car to another person to hold in trust for Barry. Therefore, the two methods of constituting a valid express- by declaration of self as trustee, and by transfer to a trustee- are conspicuously lacking. Furthermore, the rule set out in Wright v. Atkyns (supra) which insists that the intention to create a trust must be certain for any trust to be valid, is clearly lacking. It would rather seem like Barry intended to make an outright gift of the car to George, but as the case of Richard v. Delbridge (supra) clearly indicates, the courts will not turn this into a trust. The fact that he started using the car again, and he never sent the vehicle registration documents which he had filled out t o the right authority indicate that he may have changed his mind about transferring the car into Georgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s name. 2.1.2. JAYNEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢S CLAIM Jayne insists that Barry verbally agreed to give her his cottage in Wales. Again, it was a verbal agreement to part with property. There is nothing in his words to indicate that he intended to create a trust of the property for Jayneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s benefit. As the court held in Richardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the court will not hold the intended transfer to operate as a declaration of trustà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Whereas there was an intended transfer, the court will not interpret this as Barryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention to create a trust on the property, neither will it enforce a mere promise, without consideration by the beneficiary. ISSUE 2 Will equity aid a volunteer or perfect an imperfect gift? It is trite law that equity will not aid a volunteer nor perfect an imperfect gift. Turner LJ in Milroy v. Lord (supra) clearly stated the law: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Settlor must have done everything which according to the nature of the property comprised in the settlement was necessary to be done in order to render the settlement binding upon himà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦there is no equity in this court to perfect an imperfect giftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ (p. 264). In the case of a transfer of landed property, Section 9 of the Statute of Fraud requires that any form of transfer be in writing. By this provision, transfer of landed property cannot be done orally, no matter how clear the intention. However, the following exceptions exist to this rule of equity: The strict position laid down in Milroyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case has been modified to the effect that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"equity will not aid a volunteer except the donor has done all that is in his power to do to perfect the giftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The court in Re Rose made the above modification when it held that the donor had done all in his power to effect the transfer of the shares he held in the company, having made the transfer in the form required by the articles of the company on 30th of March. It was held that the effective date of transfer was on the 30th of March, not 30th of June when the transfer was registered by the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s directors. This is obviously an attempt to balance the rule and ensure that while equity does not aid a volunteer by perfecting an imperfect gift, the principle of equity that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"equity will not strive officiously to defeat a giftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is not relegated. The rule in Strong v. Bird (1874). The rule provides that where a donee of an imperfect gift who has not furnished consideration obtains title to the gift in another capacity, then this will be sufficient to perfect the gift in equity (Davies Virgo, 2013). This usually happens where such a donee becomes executor of the donorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s will. In Strongà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case, the donor was Birdà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s step-mother whom he owed some money before her death. However, it turned out that she made him executor to her will. The court held that by vesting the legal title in her estate on him, she had manifested her intention to release him from the debt. The rule in Strong v. Bird has been applied to administrators in Re James (1935), although the accuracy of this application has been questioned in Re Gonin (1979). I must state here that I totally agree with the court in Re Gonin. The donor, having died intestate, could not have been involved in the choice of administrators of his estate, therefore, the intention to forfeit the debt or perfect the imperfect gift is lacking. Where the donee has furnished valuable consideration in expectation of the gift, the law no longer sees him as a mere volunteer, but gives him contractual rights (Re Plumptreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Marriage Settlement (1910)). Donationes mortis causa (gifts made in contemplation of death). This exception originated from Roman law, but has now found a place in English law through decisions of English courts (per Nourse LJ, in Sen v. Headley (1991)). For an effective donatio mortis causa, three elements must be present: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the gift or donation must have been in contemplation, though not necessarily in expectation of death; there must have been delivery to the donee of the subject matter of the gift; the gift must be made under such circumstances as to show that the thing is to revert back to the donor in case he should recoverà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Watt, 2014, p. 134 ; Cain v. Moon (1896)). 3.1 APPLICATION 3.1.1. GEORGEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢S CLAIM George will remain a volunteer before the law, as he his case does not fall under any of the exceptions to Milroyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case. Barry did not do all in his power to vest the car in George (he could have at least, sent the registration documents to the Vehicle Licensing Authority). Furthermore, George furnished no consideration, he was not an executor but an administrator of the estate, and the promise was not made in contemplation of death. 3.1.2. MIDREDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢S CLAIM Mildredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim would have been on all fours with Strong v. Bird (supra), except that Barry died intestate and Mildred is an administrator of Barryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s estate, not an executor. That will put Mildredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim within the contemplation of the highly controversial Re James. My opinion concerning this matter, Mildred is advised to abandon her claim, as Re James is an isolated case, and su bsequent cases have criticized it, and/or made decisions inconsistent with it. 3.1.3. JAYNEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢S CLAIM Jayneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case does not seem to fit into any of the exceptions to the rule in Milroy v. Lord (supra). Barry had not done all that he needed to do to effect the transfer and Jayne had not furnished any consideration whatsoever. Jayneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim will fail also because there is nothing to show from the circumstances that Barry made the promise to transfer his cottage to her in contemplation of death, although he was indeed, ill when he made the promise. However, if Jayne can prove that the promise was made to her in contemplation of death, or that the cottage keys were delivered to her, her claim may stand. CONCLUSION Georgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim has been adjudged as baseless, Mildredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim stands on unstable waters, while Jayne requires further proof of certain facts to be able to effect Barryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s promise to her. REFERENCE LIST Davies, P. and Virgo, G.(2013) Equity Trusts: Text, Cases and Materials. Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 145 Hayton D, Matthews P. and Mitchell, C. (2010) Underhill and Hayton: Law Relating to Trusts and Trustees, 18th edn. London: LexisNexis Hudson, A. and Thomas, G. (2010) The Law of Trusts, 2nd Edn. OUP: Oxford Hudson, A. (2008 ) Understanding Equity and Trusts, 5th edn. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge Cavendish. Watt, G. (2014). Trusts Equity. Oxford: Oxford University Press CASES CITED Cain v Moon (1896)2 QB 283, per Lord Killowen CJ at 286. Jones v Lock (1865) 1 Ch App 25 Lyell v. Kennedy (1889)14 App. Cas. 437 Milroy v Lord (1862) 4 De GF J 264 Re Rallià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Will Trust [1964] 1 Ch 288 Re Rose (1952) Ch. 499 Re Gonin (1979 Ch. 16, 34 Re James (1935) Ch. 449 Re Plumptreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Marriage Settlement(1910) 1 Ch 609 Richard v Delbridge (1874) LR 18 Eq. 11 Sen v Headley (1991) Ch 425 CA Strong v Bird (1874) LR 18 Eq. 315 Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley(2002) UKHL 12 at [71]; [2002] 2 All ER 377 at [71] Wright v. Atkyns (1823) Turn. R. 143, 157

William Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing And King Lear

Name: Instructors’ Name: Course: Date: Analysis of Shakespeare’s powerful female characters in the play â€Å"Much Ado about Nothing† and â€Å"King Lear Introduction Shakespeare is seen to value the role of women as his plays often portray women as heroines. These women have strong characters that endear them to readers. Readers in our current world, and especially women, are encouraged to be self-assertive in demand for equal treatment in our society. This has been the tradition for women in the Western world and is one that should be spread across all societies in the whole world. The characters that this essay chooses to analyze are Beatrice from the play â€Å"Much Ado about Nothing† and Cordelia from the play King Lear. Beatrice and Cordelia†¦show more content†¦Beatrice is the cousin to Hero and niece to Leonato. She is a strong female who is smart and loyal to her family. We get to see that she has sworn off love in her adult love as she was hurt before and does not want to be vulnerable. However, she approves the love of her cousin Hero (Everett 400). As the play continues, we get to see that her strong stand against love is broken as she starts falling in love with Benedick, who matches her speech and wit, and is also as stubborn as she is. Beatrice has a sharp tongue and is good with words. She knows how to say what she wishes in a sharp and yet merry tone. When one soldier mentions that Benedick’s name when talking about leaving for war, Beatrice quips that he is a poor soldier. She goes on to joke that Benedick attaches himself to people and in this case Claudio by taking him as a brother. When Benedick arrives in Messina, Beatrice engages him in jokes. In Act 1 Beatrice states I wonder that you will still be talking, Signore Benedick; nobody marks you.† (Shakespeare 5). Benedick responds by saying â€Å"What, my dear Disdain, are you yet living?† (Shakespeare 5). Here we see that the two match each other in their manner of speech. The readers are able to notice the perfect match of these two characters. Beatrice is also seen as being loyal to her family. There is a scene at the altar on a wedding day where Hero, the bride, is accusedShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Between the Plots of King Lear and Much Ado about Nothing910 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement to say that William Shakespeare wrote some of the greatest plays of all time. This is accepted by everyone from high schoolers to experts as fact. But everyone is always wondering, what makes them great? Well, at the heart of every great Shakespeare play is a well written plot. But how can one man churn out all these plays he’s written, and still have new content in each one? Aren’t they all the same story to some extent? As Lindsay Smith writes, â€Å"Many Shakespeare plays, like most typicalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Great Writer2074 Words   |  9 Pages William Shakespeare was a great English writer from several centuries ago and is often seen as one of the most remarkable writers to this day. He not only projects deeper ideas throughout his various types of plays, but he also n ever ceased to entertain the common man or the families of royalty. â€Å"Shakespeare s words and phrases have become so familiar to us that it is sometimes with a start that we realize we have been speaking Shakespeare when we utter a clichà © such as ‘one fell swoop’ or ‘notRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet, King Lear, And A Midsummer s Night Dream1037 Words   |  5 Pagesof Avon, commonly known as William Shakespeare is one of the best known playwrights in the (Video). A few of his most famous plays include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Lear, and A Midsummer’s Night Dream (McArthur). 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The house where Shakespeare spent his childhood stood adjacent to he wool shop in which his father plied a successfulRead MoreEssay on William Shakespeares Hamlet2393 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet There are enough conceptions, and thus misconceptions, about the melancholy Dane to fill volumes. However, while none of them has proved entirely acceptable, some of them, such as the diagnoses that Hamlet simply â€Å"procrastinates† or â€Å"cannot make up his mind† prove utterly unsatisfactory under careful scrutiny of the play and, perhaps more importantly, Hamlet himself. Indeed, it appears as if there are certain points in the play in which Hamlet comes to reversals

Forensic Anthropology Analysis Conducted On The 21 / 11 / 14

Forensic Anthropology Analysis conducted on the 21/11/14 Introduction: The practical involved examining the unidentified remains found in the back garden of Mr Wills’ house following his suicide. The remains were subject to a skeletal inventory, a brief examination (in order to assess the condition of the bones), sex estimation and stature estimation. All of these examinations were conducted with the objective of producing a biological profile for the victim/s in order to gain a better understanding of the possible identity of the victim and the circumstances surrounding their death. Background: The Metropolitan Police made a subsequent decision to conduct a search of Mr Leonard Wills’ house and garden after his suicide. During the search an oil drum was uncovered, located beneath an ornamental pond. Inside the oil drum a number of black bags (4) were discovered each encompassing a skull, pelvis, and femur. The police are working with the rational that each bag contains the remnants of one person. Aims: The practical aims to establish a minimum number of individuals at the crime scene, a biological profile for each victim and the possible cause of death to these victims. In order to achieve this a number of anthropometric procedures must take place. Firstly, an examination of which bones were present and their anatomical position using a Skeletal Recording Form. Following the examination, a detailed written description of each bone was produced. A broad range ofShow MoreRelatedBCH190 Essay14810 Words   |  60 Pagesconsidered as life forms (C) contain various membrane bound compartments, such as chloroplasts, mitochondria and nuclei (D) are the most primitive type of cell originating 3.2 billion years ago (E) only live in extreme environments without oxygen 11. When individual cells divide they first make a copy of all the information they carry in their DNA and every cell in an organism usually contains a nearly exact copy of all of the DNA that codes for that organism. However, ‘life’ creates with mistakesRead MoreCounseling Abused Women7410 Words   |  30 Pagesparticipation Client participation Family involvement Part Four: Special needs Abuse of women with disabilities Equity/ Access to treatment Part Five: Parties’ promotion of various positions and their critical analysis Promotion the realization of Women’s Human Rights Critical analysis of various positions Conclusion References I. Introduction a. General overview of the topic Violence against women happens in every country all over the world. There is no country in which women areRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesto Statistics and Data Analysis This page intentionally left blank Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis Third Edition Roxy Peck California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Chris Olsen George Washington High School, Cedar Rapids, IA Jay Devore California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Australia †¢ Brazil †¢ Canada †¢ Mexico †¢ Singapore †¢ Spain †¢ United Kingdom †¢ United States Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis, Third Edition Roxy PeckRead MorePattern of Thesis11382 Words   |  46 Pagesadding or editing reported incidents and information. This is subtended to this situation in order to attain full maximum security not only to the website itself but as well as the security of the family or persons involved in the reported incident. 11 Chapter 2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK This chapter shows the motivated conduct of the study by giving relevant studies and literatures. The compilation of related studies will present the insights from the existing researches and give a unique contributionRead MoreMba Solved Assignment Papers52670 Words   |  211 Pagessocial sciences and later in other disciplines, the following two research methods can be applied, depending on the properties of the subject matter and on the objective of the research: Qualitativeresearch Quantitativeresearch Research is often conducted using the hourglass model Structure of Research. The hourglass model starts with a broad spectrum for research, focusing in on the required information through the methodology of the project (like the neck of the hourglass), then expands the researchRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestheory focuses attention on the human issues in organization ‘There is nothing so practical as a good theory’ How Roethlisberger developed a ‘practical’ organization theory Column 1: The core contributing social sciences Column 2: The techniques for analysis Column 3: The neo-modernist perspective Column 4: Contributions to business and management Four combinations of science, scientific technique and the neo-modernist approach reach different parts of the organization Level 1: Developing the organization

Case Study Orange Pty Ltd

Questions: Case Study 1: As a result of work undertaken during the planning stage and audit evidence collected for the tests of controls stages of the audit, Robert Smith has determined that there is a low risk of material misstatement (low inherent and control risk) for the following account balances: Wages and salaries Electricity Repairs and maintenance Due to the expected reliability of these controls, Robert has undertaken extensive testing of the controls regarding these account balances, and has concluded that the controls are reliable. Required: Identify one substantive audit procedure for each of the account balances above that will provide sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of that account balance. Case Study 2: You are reviewing your audit assistants work for Orange Pty Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2015, and note the following matters: 1. Your audit assistant undertook a test of controls for 50 sales transactions. This test resulted in three errors. When planning the test, a tolerable error of 5 per cent had been established. The audit assistants working papers noted that none of the errors found were materials, either individually or in aggregate, and she therefore concluded that the controls were reliable. 2. Your audit assistants working papers on the accounts payable testing contain the following notes and conclusion: a. In order to test accounts payable, I selected all balances over $100,000 and vouched these to supporting invoices. The sample selected comprised $2,565,650 of total accounts payable of $5,168,000. One invoice for $102,500 had been incorrectly recorded on the accounts payable listing, as the goods were not actually received until after year end. b. Given the error relates to only 4% of accounts payable tested, which would be a total error of $206,702 of the overall accounts payable balance, it is not material as this is less than the materiality level set for this audit and, therefore, no further work has been performed. I am satisfied that the accounts payable balance of Orange is fairly stated. Required: Comment on the appropriateness of your audit assistants conclusions in each of the above situations. Answers: Case Study 1: Introduction Audit evidence tends to the collection of all information that will be used by an auditor in the arrival of a conclusion which according to the auditors opinion is based and contains data in the accounting records found in the financial statements (Riding, 2013). Therefore, as an auditor, you are not expected to test all the information that is available. Hence, auditors evidence which tends to be cumulative in natures contains audit evidence found in auditing procedures that are done during the audit. Thus, it includes evidence that is obtained from other different resources. The different resources may include previous audit conducted and the firms quality control procedures to test the clients acceptance and continuity (Riding, 2013). There may also be the use of minutes from previous meetings, control manuals of information obtained from past audit procedures and the inspection of the developed auditory information so as to come up with a valid conclusion. In the first case study, we will be developing substantive procedures for the three account balances so as to test the accuracy of the test balances. Wages and Salaries The substantive procedure that we can use to test this account balance is through the reasonable test procedure. Therefore, this procedure of audit accounting tends to focus on the changes in accounts across periods. Thus, it involves the development of a model that forms an expectation base in financial data, nonfinancial data or it may occur under both circumstances (Binnie, 2012). Therefore, the use of this procedure in our case will be based on the application of simple premises, thus, as an auditor one can gather more information on the accuracy of the account. Hence, what becomes certain is that the it becomes easy to examine the relationship between the accounts because of the existence of some underlying economic factors. Therefore, in our case, the wages and salaries accounts can be estimated through average wages from all firms business premises and the total amount of salaries paid. Therefore, through this the auditor can identify the potential problems that may arise in this accounts, this is possible by comparing wages per square foot to the salaries being paid. Hence, this procedure tends to be significant also because one can get the unusual amounts that may have been indicated in the wages and salaries accounts. Electricity In this instance of electricity accounts balance, the confirmation procedure of auditing may play a significant role in accuracy. Confirmation tends to be a unique type of inquiry process that is used in obtaining a certain representation of information or the obtaining process that involves a particular condition that is direct to the third party (American Inst. Of Accountants, 2015). For instance, as an auditor, the application of this substantive procedure means that confirmation is made from the receivables through communication with the debtors. Confirmation procedure is regularly used for the existing account balances and their components, but the restriction is required on these items. Therefore, the development of a communication procedure works in a manner that allows the existence of a modification of the agreements, and if so there is the existence of relevant information is carries. For instance, an auditor may request the confirmation of transactions of an entity by invo lving third parties. Confirmation is also significant since it provides relevant information about the absence of certain data or conditions. For instance, the absence of undisclosed agreement may influence the results of revenue recognition. In our case, the application of this substantiate procedure in determining the accuracy of the electricity account balance will be possible through obtaining of specific types of inquiry. For example, as an auditor, you may obtain vital or critical information about this account by communicating with the electricity providers. Hence, the confirmation request could be designed in a manner that allows you to create an agreement with the parties involved in providing electricity. Hence, it means that as an auditor you obtain the total amount of electric bills that the company paid. Thus, you will be able to produce sufficient audit evidence that is built on the accuracy of the electricity account balance. Repairs and Maintenance The substantive process that may be applied in this instance is by inquiry. Inquiry tends to be information seeking processes that increase the knowledge base process of a particular entity or entry in any financial account balance. Hence, the process is often used in the contemporary performance of the accuracy audit procedure. Therefore, it tends to range from the formal inquiries to the informal inquiries (Sherwood Culey, 2014). Later, one evaluates whether the inquiry response is integral with the results obtained in the process. Hence, the inquiry procedure involves consideration of the knowledge, asking of concise and relevant questions, application of open or closed questions, listening effectively, considering the reactions developed, and evaluating the available response. Hence, in our case, the inquiry process may be significant in determining our accuracy because we may inquire from the people who were responsible for conducting the repair and maintenance the total expense. Therefore, this means that the response attained might offer information that is similar or may differ from the information gathered in this case. Thus, this process shows that we can easily resolve any significance inconsistencies that may be obtained in the process. Hence, the application of the inquiry procedure in the repair and maintenance account balance means that we can be able to keep track of the accurate value of the repair and maintenance accounts. Case Study 2: Part 1 To show the appropriateness of my audit assistance in this case perhaps it would be helpful if I could outline some facts in this case. From what can be gathered is that my assistant undertook test controls from 50 different sales transactions. The planning test took a tolerable error of 5% and the errors identified were not from the materials, they were either individual or in aggregate. Hence, to support my assistance appropriateness Firstly, I would like to state that my assistance work as an auditor is built on opinion 50 different transactions that are obtained and evaluated as audit evidence. Hence, it means my assistant audit process evidence has been inspected, observed, confirmed, recalculated; reperformed and analytical procedures have been done through combination and inquiry (Sherwood Culey, 2014). Though inquiry may offer some significant audit evidence and may produce a misstatement. The use of other methods by my assistant apart from inquiry alone enables me to suppor t the appropriateness of my assistance because of the availability of high assertion levels and high operation effectiveness of the controls. Therefore, the reasonable assurance of by my assistant through sufficient audit evidence lowers the audit risk. Part 2 In this instance, to support the appropriateness of my assistant, what I observe is that in the assessment of the risk that is on material misstatement and financial statement, my assistant provides a clear understanding of the audit control environment (Riding, 2013). In an effective control environment, the auditor is confident in the internal control and reliability of his audit evidence generated within the provided entities. To support this, my assistant understands that the 4% of accounts payable tested has a less material level. Hence, he drew a conclusion that he is satisfied with the accounts payable. Also, his ability to identify the goods that were not received until the end of year shows that he has a clear understanding of his auditing control environment. Hence, the consideration of all relevant audit evidence by my assistant support appropriate audit evidence as the assistant auditor draw qualified opinion or disclaiming of opinions in the financial statements. References European Court Of Auditors. (2010),Audit of the clearance of accounts procedure: (pursuant to Article 287(4), second subparagraph, TFEU). Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union. Riding, K. (2013),Establishment of a building audit procedure and analysis for the Kansas Department of Transportation phase 2A buildings. Topeka, Kan, Kansas Department of Transportation. United States. (2013),Energy in municipal waste water treatment: an energy audit procedure and supporting data base: appendix a. American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. (2015),Case studies in auditing procedure. New York, N.Y., American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Sherwood, J. F., Culey, R. T. (2014),Auditing: theory and procedure. Madison, US Armed Forces Inst. Binnie, A. (2012),Audit programmes and procedure. London, Gee.

The conceptions of power and domination found in the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber and Michel Foucault

Introduction The notion of power can be looked at as a definite degree control of the individuals and others showing itself through different ways. Whether those individual notice it or not, the majority of them are subject to a variety of power types on a daily basis and are likely to recognize it as a normal occurrence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The conceptions of power and domination found in the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber and Michel Foucault specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Throughout the history, the concept of power arose in many different approaches from many ideologies. However, the modern understanding of power has been influenced with the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Michael Foucault who attempted to introduce various perceptions of what power is and how it is formed and the way it works. Karl Marx provides dominance to the macro sphere, dealing with the major socio class that own mode of production. Weber concept’s of power base in bureaucracy that empower individual, whereas, Michel Foucault highlights the need for micro theory dealing with discourse and power and knowledge (Goodwin Scimecca 2005, p. 184). Concepts of power and domination according to Karl Marx Karl Marx concept of power and domination is founded on his proposition that defines distinctions of class possessions. The state is capable of deriving power when it can guarantee provisions to address the diverse needs of the populace. According to this concept social classes exist because of possessions that eventually define and establish domination. Social classes have characteristic political power. This defines the strength possessed by these classes. These groups will use such strength to take control of their interests. This defines a facet of domination derived from possessing material things. However, the process of domination also relates to influence in an ideological sense. Generally M arx postulated that material possessions are pertinent determinants that shape and provide identity to a particular social class. This also determines the group’s culture and behavior. It is pertinent to note at this point that existing variations in possessions in terms of material determines the levels of domination although this will vary for different social groupings or classes. These variations are a typical feature within the Marxian theory that indicates that class struggles define the power and domination within this theory (Collins 1974).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another aspect to understand in the concept of domination and power according to Karl Marx is related to labor power. Characteristically Karl Marx defines domination in which the bourgeois exploit the proletariat. In this light the most fundamental struggle against domination would involve freein g the society from exploitation by one class. This in a way explains the communist concept, where according to Marx power is transferred to the proletariat. In this view Marx formulated various stages to the so-called liberation of the proletariat. According to Karl Marx the initial step of revolution involves the proletariat gaining power. However, the struggle is not over until the proletariat in power has established his class as the ruling class thereby extorting the capital from the bourgeois. Karl Marx’s view on power and domination involved the struggle between social classes (Seidman 2008, p. 83). The ruling class would dominate the subordinate class that was typically relegated to the production sector. In this view Marx postulated that the end of such domination was the objective of the communist struggle. Marx has indicated clearly the duality to power and domination by, including materialism and intellectualism as a means of dominance (Marx, Engels McLellan 1998, p. 207; Marx 1999, p. 66). As such philosophers can dominate and control the affairs of the time. Generally Karl Marx has based his conception of power and domination on a perpetual struggle between social classes fighting for the control of ideologies and material. The primary objective of this struggle according to this conception is to promote the subordinate class to rulership. Concepts of power and domination according to Michel Foucault Foucault’s understanding of power is viewed from two points of view. One understanding denotes power as the constriction and restrain imposed by state machinery over a people. In this understanding the power holders in the state are considered the noble or elite. Alternative consideration by Foucault perceives power as a creation intended to set free people from the burdens and bondages of the society. Foucault in his second view explains that power rests on the belief on influence of human souls over the body.Advertising We will w rite a custom essay sample on The conceptions of power and domination found in the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber and Michel Foucault specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Based on this understanding the human soul ensures that an individual builds successful relationships with others regardless of all other factors (Foucault 1975, p. 122). Additionally Foucault disputes the common perception that people have dominance inclinations over others further disputing the inequity prevalent in relationships. Based on this understanding Foucault suggests that power is practiced rather than owned. A distinction that can be drawn from Foucault and Marx conceptions relates to the perception of power itself. According to Foucault power is viewed as an unclear concept (Gutting 1994, p. 78). However, from Marx’s view power is defined and wielded by a social class. In addition Foucault suggests that power is dependent on relationships indicating th at everyone at some time is empowered. However, the traditional view differs from this concept by Foucault instead proposing that power is held by a dominant social class. Further distinction is drawn from Foucault’s understanding of domination that according to him is the result of a particular act rather than a defined role by an authority. Basing on such understanding empowerment ideologies like feminism has gained currently from this postulation. However, the feminist movement may not be a universally accepted phenomenon because of the diversity in the women class from different countries. As such what empowerment in the west is may not be exactly as what is in China or India. Accordingly Foucault does not propose a clear definition of power as indicated by other theorists like Karl Marx. Foucault indeed proposes that power can be employed by different people during different times and dependent on particular situation (Foucault 1988, p. 34). Therefore, the distinction dr awn from Foucault’s understanding of power with other theorists relates to this explanation that power holders within a society are not specific, but the process is circumstantial. This view is radically contradictory to those views that currently define societal power, including the Marxism theory.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The divergent from other theories is further amplified by the notion that power is not constrained and does not restrict, and that the aspect of domination is not identifiable within this conception by Foucault on power and domination (Thorpe n.d). Concepts of power and domination according to Max Weber Max Weber’s concept of power proposes it as something vague that cannot be easily categorized. Accordingly power from Weber’s point of view involves man’s realization of his own will in the society albeit meeting resistance from that particular society. Weber suggests that power can be typically identified and is sourced from different sources and value for its own sake. Generally Weber indicates that power is determined by social honor that comes with prestige. Additionally power drawn from a legal order is feasible under this conception although the legal order is not considered the primary source. Max Weber considered money power as unethical and unjustifiable . On the issue of domination Weber underscores that this is an indication of some degree of voluntary submission by the subject of power based on some genuinely vested interests (Bodley 2002, p. 67). However, exceptions would be with modern world cases like the Hitler domination that was generally intended to propagate Germany domination of the world. Thus domination and obedience can only be viewed dependently for the former to be considered legitimate. This is based on the understanding that obedience shows acceptance to the content of a command. Weber further postulated that authority can be categorized into three areas (Rhienstein 1954; Weber 1978; Weber 1958; Weber 2001, p. 117). Legally owned authority relates to power with the officialdom of the day. The orders or commands propagated here are obeyed by virtue of one being the office bearer. Such is the power held by different governmental systems of the day whether presidential or parliamentary. The other category of authorit y defined by Weber is the legitimate authority (Gerth Mills 1946, p. 217). This is founded on conventionally accepted structures that propagate a belief of the legitimacy of a system and those within the system. Such is the case with monarchies and thus Queen Elizabeth II has authority defined by traditions that have remained for a long time and are held in loyalty by her. Power can also come from compelling authority where such person exercise dominance based on his or her exceptional qualities. From Weber’s point of view domination is thus maintained through perpetual governance that promotes obedience to the power holders by the public or society. A typical resultant feature of such an arrangement is bureaucracy that continually propagates domination (Goodsell 1994, p.190). Thus Weber postulates that governments uphold control through bureaucracy prevalent in subsidiary instruments of governance like the army and police force used to enforce state order (Hummel 1998, p. 3 07; Merton 1952; Wilson 1989, p. 77). Comparing the power and domination theories When looking at Karl Marx, Michel Foucault, and Max Weber theories on power and domination, it is visibly true that these theories show variations in their ideology, understanding, and practicability. The theories by these three are considered as the most influential politically in modern time. However, they also continue to draws much debate. Max Weber and Karl Marx postulations have gained increased acceptance in comparison to Foucault’s theories. Perhaps an area currently benefiting from Foucault’s theories that are inclined toward societal and moral wellbeing are activist groups that continue to agitate for individual rights. Such include the gender and gay activist groups. Therefore, it can be inferred that Foucault theories have gained wider acceptance in the western world where levels of activisms are on the rise. According to Karl Marx power and domination are founded on the econo mic arrangements of the day. Predominantly the industrial and agricultural arrangement gives forth two distinct social classes the bourgeois and the proletariat. Domination can be explained from a social class perspective. From this theory the origins of power are clearly linked to its creation through labor as a cost of production giving forth the relationship between work and power. Karl Marx’s views propelled the Soviet Union to world superpower base on the enthronement of the proletariat class. However, the demise of the union in the 1990s was because of the failure by the Marxists to uphold his beliefs that maintained that means of production must be hurriedly enhanced. Whereas Foucault and Marx share conception on the view of power as held and exercised by the elite class in the society the distinction arises from the empowerment and disempowerment source where Marx relates it to economic differentiation whereas Foucault bases it on political and state arrangements. The refore, Foucault assumes that everyone has power relative to the role they are playing within society. Therefore, there are no universal rights that are class specific as postulated by Marx rather domination is circumstantial and not absolute. Weber’s understanding of power and domination significantly diverges from that of Foucault and Marx. In his theory Weber indicates that power is a political happening that results from social honor and prestige and not economic strength as proposed by Marx. With instruments of authority in place domination is attained through command and obedience typical of the bureaucratic arrangements in many governments today. Conclusion The former Soviet Union is a classical model of how the three theories of power and domination apply. The union was a product of Marxist revolution with Russian proletariats wresting power from the Czarist bourgeois of that time. In the 1990s Foucault’s postulations on individualism account for the eventual d isintegration of the union into independent states (Foucault 1994, p. 136). Finally each of these states is established on Max Weber’s propositions that indicate bureaucratic state machinery that governs each of the states. Reference List Bodley, JH 2002, The power of scale: A global history approach, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk. Collins, R 1974, Conflict sociology, Academic Press, New York. Foucault, M 1975, Discipline and punish: the birth of the prison, Random House, New York. Foucault, M 1988, Madness and civilization: A history of insanity in the age of reason, Vintage, London. Foucault, M 1994, The order of things: archaeology of human sciences, Vintage. London. Gerth, H Mills, G 1946, From Max Weber: Essays in sociology, Oxford University Press, New York. Goodsell, C 1994, The Case for bureaucracy, Chatham House Publishers Inc., New Jersey. Goodwin, G Scimecca, J 2005, Classical sociological theory: Rediscovering the promise of sociology, Wadsworth Publishing, Belmont. Gutti ng, G (ed.) 1994, The Cambridge companion to Foucault, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hummel, R 1998, ‘Bureaucracy’, The International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration, p. 307. Marx, K 1999, Das capital, Gateway, New York. Marx, K, Engels, F McLellan, D 1998, The communist manifesto, Oxford University Press, New York. Merton, R 1952, Bureaucratic Structure and Personality in Reader in Bureaucracy, Free Press, New York. Rhienstein, M 1954, Max Weber on Law in Economy and Society, Simon and Shuster, New York. Seidman, S 2008, Contested knowledge: Social theory today, Wiley, New York. Thorpe J n.d., An analysis and comparison of Michel Foucault’s and Marx’s theory of power relations. Web. Weber, M 1958, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, Oxford University Press, New York. Weber, M 1978, The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism, University of California Press, California Weber, M 2001, Economy and society: An outline of inte rpretive sociology, 2nd edn, Routledge, New York. Wilson, JQ 1989, Bureaucracy: What government agencies do and why they do it, Basic Books Boulder. This essay on The conceptions of power and domination found in the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber and Michel Foucault was written and submitted by user Jorge Winters to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

West Side Story1 essays

West Side Story1 essays During my vacation in North Woodstock, New Hampshire, my two friends and I came across The Papermill Theater. An old run down mill, turned into a theater, with lots of history. We all decided to attend the play , West Side Story, hoping it would be As we entered the theater my eyes swayed from left to right taking in all the history of the building. I saw old ceilings and walls with different mill machines with in them. I came across the old set up of the building consisting of a rundown stage with many scene props and dusty old chairs. These chairs really stood out, they were all differently designed and all different types. Some were folding chairs while others As the three of us discovered our seats we noticed how popular the show really is, as a matter of fact all 100 seats ended up being filled. After everyone was seated I took out my program booklets and began to read about the backgrounds of the actors and actresses. I discovered that they were all professional actors and actresses and had produced three well-liked plays already this summer. These plays were Anything Goes, She Loves Me, and of course West Side Story. As I continued to read I also cited the pictures and the descriptions of every actor. I became very anxious to see what was to come of this production. The lights finally went out and I was instantly enthralled with the cast and plot. The play focused around the two gangs, the Jets and the Sharks(the Puerto Ricans). They continued on to identify the hostility of these two gangs through song dance and of course acting. Every scene change was not a done with a curtain, but rather a spotlight. This technique I enjoyed and found very intriguing to watch. As the actors toured me through the play act by act I enjoyed it more and more. ...

Edwards V. Aguillard Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Edwards V. Aguillard - Research Paper Example From these experiments and results, it was found logically to say that man evolved from apes. Theories were created that proved these points. Then another science came into view: the creation science. With the creation science, it was argued that man was created by a supreme being, and that was the origin that proved somewhat true. Over the years, scholars have argued about the existence and origin of man. Some have supported the evolution theory while others have supported the creation science. In this particular essay, attention will be focused on a case that was ruled by the supreme court in 1987. It was between Edwards and Aguillard. Edwards supported the evolution theory while Aguillard supported the creation science theory. By the end of it all, the court had ruled that both creation science and evolution be taught in public schools. A law was created for this purpose, which received much opposition from schools that were affected by this law. The argument was that if creationi sm was taught in public schools, it would be unconstitutional since it would attempt to make a particular religion more advanced than the other. (Scott 199). With both theories about creation at hand, the main cause of concern was that one cannot be taught while the other is not. This would mean that if, say, creationism was taught and evolution was not, then students would dwell more about the knowledge on how people came to exist based on the creation theory (Jacobs, 33). They would not have come to know of a theory that taught the origin of man through evolution. In such a case, only one particular religion would be promoted and instilled in the young minds of students. A major question that people should ask themselves is: If one religion is taught in a public school science class, why cannot other theories about the development and origins of life also be taught in the same school? It was a biased move – one which would enable the existence and knowledge of one particula r discipline while extinguishing the other (Scott 212). The major conflict was between the Creationism Act and its agreement with the Establishment Clause (Brownstein 15). The Creationism Act was such that it forbade the teaching of the evolution theory in public schools unless the teaching of creation science was also involved. At the time, there was no need for any of the theories to be taught in schools, but the Act stated that should one be present, the other should be present too. This meant that the only way evolution would be taught was by the inclusion of instructions from creation science. This, from any other view, indicated that one was nonsexist if the other was not in existence either. From this argument, it was viewed that this promoted creation science more than it did evolution (Young and Strode 232). It was more of promoting a religious doctrine that taught about the existence of life from a Christian point of view. So as to show that the Creationism Act catered for the best interests of students in schools, it was argued that both were the evidence proven scientifically, which dealt with creation and evolution, and there were also inferences from that scientific evidence (Haynes 40). Beyond doubt, both were to go side by side in science classes, and as it seemed, academic freedom was present. Academic freedom is the choice to

Reader Response to Bartleby the Scrivener Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reader Response to Bartleby the Scrivener - Essay Example It could be argued that the lawyer gets a scrivener after his heart to help him know himself better. In a significant piece of self-analysis, the narrator says, "though I belong to a profession proverbially energetic and nervous, even to turbulence, at times, yet nothing of that sort have I ever suffered to invade my peace." He is "one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but in the cool tranquillity of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men's bonds and mortgages and title-deeds. All who know me consider me an eminently safe man"(par.3). The position of the subordinates in his office is also preeminently safe. His permanent staff of scriveners consists of a uniquely eccentric trio called Turkey, Nippers and Ginger Nut. Their idiosyncrasies may have led a less phlegmatic employer to dismiss them, but the narrator merely consoles himself with the thought that " I never had to do with their eccentricities at one time. Their fits relieved each other like guards. When Nippers' was on, Turkey's was off; and vice versa. This was a good natural arrangement under the circumstances" (par. 13). As for Ginger Nut, "to this quick-witted youth the whole noble science of the law was contained in a nut-shell" (par. 14), says the narrator with an almost paternal indulgent irony. The point is that this was the state of affairs in the narrator's office before Bartleby joined them to fill a temporary position. What of Bartleby at this time At least, he shows sufficient initiative to apply for the position and seems to have possessed enough enterprise to impress his employer. As the narrator remarks, "I engaged him, glad to have among my corps of copyists a man of so singularly sedate an aspect, which I thought might operate beneficially upon the flighty temper of Turkey, and the fiery one of Nippers" (par.16). And what of his first days at work The narrator describes it thus: As if long famishing for something to copy, he seemed to gorge himself on my documents. There was no pause for digestion. He ran a day and night line, copying by sun-light and by candle-light. I should have been quite delighted with his application, had be been cheerfully industrious. But he wrote on silently, palely, mechanically. (par. 18) Although, or perhaps, because, he had done an extraordinary quantity of work, Bartleby politely refuses to have anything to do with the checking of the documents for mistakes-he 'prefers' not to. No explanation is given by Bartleby, or by the narrator. Was it a supreme confidence in the infallibility of his written work No, because he also refuses all other kind of work such as reviewing the writing of others, running simple errands, or anything of the sort. Later, he declares that he has "decided upon doing no more writing"(par. 126) and he finally informs his employer "he had permanently given up copying" (par. 133). What is the cause of this change in Bartleby Is Bartleby perhaps the narrator's alter ego, providentially chosen to reveal to him his own essential inner self When he realizes that Bartleby had nowhere to go after office hours, "a feeling of overpowering stinging melancholy" overwhelms the narrator: "The bond of a common humanity now drew me irresistibly to gloom. A fraternal melancholy! For both I and Bartleby were sons of Adam" (par.89). After

How Do We Know Something Is True in the Arts and Science Essay Example for Free

How Do We Know Something Is True in the Arts and Science Essay Hey Jamie! I’ve been wondering for a while now how you can really know if something in art or natural sciences is true.? I mean when you look at a piece of art or let’s say the way atoms connect with each other, or how the gravity works, how do you know it’s all true? Obviously there are laws that are connected with these things, however how can you be sure if what the law states is true? Jamie:You’re pretty much right about that, but I think it’s not about the truth for now – first there should be some kind of idea or a belief, before it can be confirmed, right? I mean, for instance Newton came up with the idea of gravity when an apple fell on his head, remember? It made him think about it more and more until the conception of some kind of force that affects everything on Earth popped into his mind, but I don’t think art works the same way†¦ Molly:Right†¦ Art’s totally different thing. Natural science have some rules they work with, even though there probably are some we still don’t know about, however we can notice something that happens the certain way. The rules are true. Well – people, or rather scientists claim so, but they are based on long-term observation and other research, right? Jamie:Right! If someone is absolutely certain that something is true, is it because this is the way he sees it or seeing it equals believing it is true? Molly:Well†¦ That’s a good question. I’ve heard that there are some ways to know that something is true – like I’ve mentioned before, observation, or rather a sense of perception, is one of them, but there is also reason and language that suggests people which is the objective, factual or relative truth. It’s more connected with natural sciences, however when it comes to art the way one can tell something is true is slightly different. Jamie:How so? I mean†¦ I don’t get what your point is. Molly:Look, if you have a piece of art, let’s say a picture of a battle, okay? The one who painted it, probably had some kind of knowledge about the battle he was drawing, right? Jamie:I think so†¦ Molly:So, let’s say, there is a person the picture revolves around, some kind of great figure, a king or other known man. The author of the painting wanted to show ordinary people the greatness of the person he pictured in the centre of his work. And there is a big chance that the person who’ll look at this exact piece of art, will think ‘Oh, that man was so great. ’, but how can he or she know it is true that he was as ‘great’ as the author portrayed him? Then, we could take a work of another author, the same battle, and there will be no person who will attract your attention at first, just the way the battle looked like, dead people, blood on the ground and other realistic fragments. If I was the one comparing these two pictures, I’d get a feeling that the first artist suggested the greatness of the man he portrayed because he was paid or had to do so, while the second one would be more true to me, because it would probably show the facts at some point. Jamie:Oh I see what you mean now! Hmm†¦ I have a feeling that in the end art and natural science are somehow connected when it comes to knowing the truth! Molly:†¦ Okay, now you got me confused. How can they be connected? Explain? Jamie:Oh look! If you take our chemistry book, you’ll find there all kinds of described experiments, right? However it is rare to find the outcomes of these experiments in the book. Molly:Yeah†¦? Jamie:And when you listen to your chemistry teacher, and he’ll tell you before you do the experiment that the product of the reaction should smell the certain way, as let’s say†¦ Hydro-sulfuric acid smells like rotten eggs. After finishing your research and experiment you would probably note that the smell of the acid was of rotten eggs, because this is what has been suggested by your teacher, right? Molly:Oh, now I see how it’s connected to art. Some kind of statement can be suggested to you and you are very likely to believe it, however, then you could find some other research that declines what your teacher claimed or that the guy portrayed in the picture was great. Jamie:Yes! Exactly! But then there arises a new question. Molly:Huh? What question? Jamie:Can we be sure of what people claim to be true to be actually true? Molly:Right†¦ In the end I think we are should stick to the rules that have been stated in the past, because they seem to be true, however after you said that†¦ I’m starting to doubt everything I know! Jamie:Sorry for that! Didn’t want to make you confused! Molly:No, it was actually pretty interesting! Jamie:Yup! But I think we can never be in 100% sure of what is true when it comes to art and natural science. Molly:Yeah, totally agree with you on this one.

Cultural Shift through the Eyes of Ginsberg and Kerouac :: Allen Ginsberg

Cultural Shift through the Eyes of Ginsberg and Kerouac    Brothers of the San Francisco Beat scene, Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg lived in the midst of a consumer cultural revolution, patriots of a forgotten mindset. While the regional characters of the nation were quickly being homogenized by television, Kerouac and Ginsberg wrote poetry and prose that both captured and contemplated the moment. They were contemporaries, sharing the same circle of friends and drawing from the same influences but produced works seeking divergent means to the same conceptual end. Kerouac wrote with an enlightened nostalgia, fascinated with preserving a form of the pioneer spirit of individuals and tall tales in the midst of cultural change, while Ginsberg's poetry directly criticized the shortcomings and decay of society; neither author completing the picture or the message, leaving something for the other. American culture of the mid nineteen fifties and early sixties is described with disgust and rejection in both Kerouac's and Ginsberg's works. They bore witness to and documented a rich, variant culture homogenized and sterilized by Dial television ads and The Saturday Evening Post. Beat calls to rebellion and cancerous grey images show America on the decline and readying for revolution. In Kerouac's novel The Dharma Bums, Japhy's ideal revolutionary rejects the new developments of American culture, " refusing to subscribe to the general demand that they consume production, and therefore have to work for the privilege of consuming, all that crap they didn't really want anyway such as refrigerators, TV sets, cars, at least new fancy cars, certain hair oils and deodorants and general junk you finally always see a week later in the garage anyway, all of them imprisoned in a system of work, produce, consume..."(97). Their America was a land of mass-marketed uselessness. At a time when st ores across the nation carried identical products, and everybody saw the same three channels of television, the sparkle of regional character started to evaporate. Kerouac paints his Dharma Bums as the heirs of Whitman, poetic thoughtful wanderers. Ginsberg also used Whitman to link the past to the present in the poem "A Supermarket in California", asking the bard "Will we walk all night through solitary streets? The trees add shade to shade, lights out in the houses, we'll both be lonely. / Will we stroll dreaming of the lost America of love past blue automobiles in driveways, home to our silent cottage?

Synopsis on Consumer Behaving Behaviour

Consumer Buying Behaviour Introduction: Consumer buying behavior is the study of human responses to products or services and the marketing of products/services. The study of consumer behavior focuses on how individuals make their decisions to spend their available resources (time, money, effort) on consumption related itemsor consumption related aspects (What they buy? When they buy? How they buy? ). It also study of individuals, or organisations and the processes consumers use to search, select, use and dispose of products, services, experience, or ideas to satisfy needs and its impact on the consumer and society.Buyer behaviour is deeply rooted in psychology with dashes of sociology thrown in just to make things more interesting. Since every person in the world is different, it is impossible to have simple rules that explain how buying decisions are made. But those who have spent many years analysing customer activity have presented us with useful â€Å"guidelines† in how so meone decides whether or not to make a purchase. The evaluation of marketing concept from mere selling concept to consumerorientedmarketing has resulted in buyer behaviour becoming an independentdiscipline.The growth of consumerism and consumer legislation emphasizes theimportance that is given to the consumer. Some consumers are characterized as being more involved in products andshopping than others. A consumer who is highly involved with a product wouldbe interested in knowing a lot about it before purchasing. Hence he readsbrochures thoroughly, compares brands and models available at different outlets, asks questions, and looks for recommendations. Thus consumer buying behaviour can be defined as heightened state of awareness that motivates consumer’s to seek out, attend to, and think about product information prior to purchase.Company profile: The City of Chennai is the Citadel of South. This City is known for promotion of culture, tradition and industry. The House of Kh ivraj is well known in the Automobilein this Metro. The flag ship company of the Group is â€Å"KHIVRAJ MOTORS LTD â€Å". This Company was dealing in the vehicles manufactured by Hindustan Motors Ltd for 35 years. This company was also dealing in two and Three Wheelers of Bajaj Auto Ltd for four decades. Now, the company has taken Dealership for Maruti Vehicles. The Company is proud to have an independent Body shop with modern gadgets.The Company has diverted the Dealership for Bajaj Auto Ltd. ’s products to its sister concerns to have clear focus in its operations. These concerns have modern show rooms and operate speciality ideal workshops for two and Three Wheelers. The automobile turnover of the group has crossed billion rupees. The management of the Company vests with Shri AJIT KUMAR CHORDIA who is a young dynamic technocrat and administrator with admirable skills in different spheres and Shri BHARAT KUMAR CHORDIA a young administrator who is known for his acumen in s everal fields and managerial capacity.They are guided by the Company Chairman Shri NAVARATANMULL CHORDIA who is groomed by the Founder of the Company Late Shri KHIVRAJ CHORDIA. Statement of the Problem: †¢ Consumers are booking for a bike and at last they are not purchasing the bike. †¢ Availability of goods & services at proper time. †¢ Comparing of dealership in terms of price and discount. Need for the Study: †¢ To understand the buying roles of the consumer †¢ To analyse the consumer’s decision making process. †¢ To know growing market segments of company for consumers To know what features or product design acceptable by consumer Objectives of Study: †¢ To understand the major factors influencing consumer behaviour. †¢ To Know and recognize the types of buying behaviour decision behaviour. †¢ To understand how consumers make purchasing decisions and respond to purchasing. †¢ To understand how marketers analyse consumer de cision-making. Scope of the Study: †¢ To distinguish different consumer groups and to develop products that satisfies the needs. To understand how consumers make purchasing choices among products/services. †¢ To know how consumers will respond to different product features, prices, advertisement appeals. Research Methodology: Research methodology is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information (data) in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon about which we are concerned or interested. In other words research methodology is an endeavour to discover answers to intellectual and practical problems through the application of scientific method.Research Design: Survey research is the systematic gathering of information from respondents for the purpose of understanding and/or predicting some aspects of the behaviour ofthe population of interest. It is the most common method of collecting primarydata for marketing decisions. Survey can provide data on attitudes, feelings, beliefs, past and intended behaviour, knowledge, ownership, personal characteristics and other descriptive items. Survey research is concerned withadministration of questionnaires (interviewing).The survey research must beconcerned with sampling, questionnaire design, questionnaire administrationand data analysis. Sampling: Sampling is the process of selecting units (e. g. , people, organizations) from a population of interest so that by studying the sample we may fairly generalize our results back to the population from which they were chosen Sample size: The sample size of a statistical sample is the number of observations that constitute it. It is typically denoted n, a positive integer. Total 200 samples taken for analysis and interpretation.Data collection methods: For making analysis and interpreting the data; there are two methods have been used for collecting the data i. e. primary method and secondary method. Tool for data collection: Questionnaire ( Sequence and layout) †¢ Primary Data: Questionnaire Method and interviewing method. †¢ Secondary Data: Marketing Management book and weekly journals. Chapter Scheme: Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Company Profile Chapter 3. Research Methodology Chapter 4. Analysis and Interpretation Chapter 5. Findings recommendations and Conclusion

Antigone Catharsis Essay - 982 Words

Stressful day or week? Whether a cry or scream, people often take action to release self-pitying emotions. This process of relieving oneself from fear and pity into a sense of renewal and purification is known as catharsis. In the Greek play, Antigone, the author, Sophocles used catharsis to demonstrate situations in which the sense of renewal one is seeking for sometimes can only be reached through tragic ways. The play exhibits these violent ways through struggles and the ultimate aftereffect of three important characters. In Antigone, catharsis is reached by the actions and situations of the characters Antigone, Haemon, and Creon in quite tragic ways. First, in the play, the character, Antigone, came across a situation that sparked her†¦show more content†¦Then, Antigone’s â€Å"supposed-to-be† husband, Haemon, also displayed catharsis in Antigone. Haemon, son of King Creon, was introduced into the play like no other character. He was neither proud or fearful. Instead, he expressed true care and concern toward his father. However, when Creon threatened to kill Antigone, Haemon said, â€Å"Then she must die. But her death will cause another,† (Sophocles 719). Haemon retaliated to a stressful situation by putting his own life at risk as well. He hoped that his father would then be pressured to not kill Antigone so his own son wouldn’t die as well. He also tried to relieve his father from the situation by making the decision of what to do with his prisoner for him. However, Creon disregarded this and planned to kill Antigone anyways. Although, as stated previously, Antigone hastened her fate and H aemon blamed Creon for her doing. Haemon then fulfills his word when with his own knife, â€Å"Against himself, he drove it half its length into his own side, and fell. And as he did he gathered Antigone close in his arms,†(Sophocles 735). Haemon tried to reach peace between his two loves. Although he realized his father was not full of love, his dead fiance was. Haemon then must have decided to â€Å"live† with his true love and not with his spiteful father. Overall, Haemon was trapped in a very conflicting situation and its outcomes, and his only way out of its hecticness in order to achieve catharsis was through his own tragic death.Show MoreRelatedAntigone: Catharsis Analysis Essay1138 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Sympathy for Others As stated by Sophocles in Antigone, Numberless are the worlds wonders, but none More wonderful than man (Ode 1 1-2). Landscapes like the grand canyon, the wide expanse of oceans, weather, tall mountains are all magnificent features, but none as great as Man. Man is the only thing in this world, that has free will to think about anything or do anything whenever they want to. If one wants to dance, he or she is free to do so, if one wants to sing he or she can do so. ManRead MoreOedipus Rex Vs. 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Define the vocabulary terms, identify the people, and state their significance to theatre history: Peisistratus-A tyrant, who redistributed land, promoted farming and foreign trade, made Athens the leadingRead MoreAuthority versus Truth in Sophocles Antigone and Shakespeares Twelfth Night2444 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Authority cannot afford to connive at disobedience† writes Sophocles in Antigone. This is also a central concern to Aristotle who establishes the importance of ‘Authority’ in the opening lines of his treatise Poltics: â€Å"Since we see that every city-state is a sort of community and that every community is established for the sake of some good†¦it is clear that every community aims at some good, and the community which has the most authority of all and includes all the others aims highest, that is